Some of the oddest and most interesting objects in space are black holes. Because of their enormous density and powerful gravitational pull, not even light can elude them,
Black holes may number over 100 million in the Milky Way, yet it is incredibly challenging to find these ravenous monsters. Sagittarius A", a supermassive black hole, is located at the centre of the Milky Way According to a NASA statement, the enormous structure is located 26,000 light-years from Earth and has a mass that is around 4 million times that of the sun.
The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) team obtained the first picture of a black hole in 2019. 55 million years ago, a stunning image of the black hole at the centre of the M87 galaxy was taken. In 1916, Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity made the first prediction about the existence of black holes. Many years later, in 1967, American astronomer John Wheeler first used the term "black hole." Until recently, black holes were solely understood as hypothetical entities. The black holes were predicted by Albert Einstein in 1916 with his general theory of relativity. His theory was hard to prove and it took Albert Einstein ten years to work out the math that required using a daunting form of mathematics called tensor calculus. However Albert Einstein was not able to get the exact answer of all of his equations and even the smartest Scientifics at that time could not solve it. Until a theoretical physical, close to Einstein's, named Karl Schwarzschild succeeded in solving the equations. He was fascinated by Albert Einstein articles about general relativity that were published in 1915 and he later succeeded in completing the calculations. Shortly before his death in 1916 he were able to complete his work and later the same year articles about it were published, titled: On the Field of Gravity of a Point Mass in the Theory of Einstein.
Scientists believe such concentrations of matter can occur under certain conditions, as when a massive star (one with a mass three or more times that of the sun) runs out of fuel for thermonuclear reactions and collapses in one itself. In the constellation Cygnus, a star has been discovered that appears be in a binary (two-star) system with a small, invisible object that may be a black hole formed from a star. The area around the object is a strong source of X-rays, possibly produced by gases heated to very high temperatures as they are drawn into the black hole.
Very massive black holes may form at the centre of a galaxy, where there is a high concentration of stars and other matter. Astronomers have found evidence for the existence of massive black holes at the centre of several galaxies, including the Milky Way. Black holes ranging down to microscopic size may have formed when the universe was very dense, shortly after its creation. According to a theory by the English physicist Stephen Hawking, black holes of very small size lose a significant amount of mass through subatomic processes at their boundaries.
According to this theory, once a black hole become extremely small, it emits all its remaining mass in an explosion of high-energy particles. However, evidence for such explosions has not been found. Moreover, the term "black hole" was coined to describe such an object more than 50 years ago, long before there was any evidence that such object existed. Today, there is ample evidence that black hole exist (Snow, 111). If the core contains more than 3 solar masses, its collapse leads to the formation of a black hole. In this case, the degenerate neutron gas pressure cannot halt the collapse.
There may or may not be a supernova explosion, depending on whether a neutron star forms temporarily (causing a rebound of the in falling outer layers of the star) before collapsing further. A black hole never stops collapsing; mathematically, it can be described as a single point containing all the mass of the collapsed stellar core, but physically it is difficult to describe. In other words, if a star more than 2 or 3 solar masses in its core collapses, it will exceed the mass limit for formation of a neutron star.
Black holes also have a horizon; if you stay outside the horizon, you'll be safe, and the black hole can't suck you in. The line of singularity is an important part of black holes. It's a region in a black hole where matter is crushed into infinite density. The pull of gravity is very strong, making the black holes mass become compressed into a space with zero volume. Some people worry about the sun becoming a black hole, but there's no way that could happen because only stars that weigh considerably more than the sun can become black holes. Black holes still aren't perfectly clear, but scientists will continue to investigate, and find more information on our universe and all the mysteries in it.
To find a black hole, scientists' measure how much mass there is in that area. It's likely that there's a black hole there if there's a large mass concentrated in a small volume and the mass is dark. Also, if the object's mass is more than three times the sun's mass, it is labeled a black hole. Scientists have discovered black objects with mass more than ten million times that of the sun. Nobody knows for sure what these are, but scientists are beginning to wonder if these black objects are at the center of every universe.
Many have probably seen time traveling in fictional movies by traveling through black holes. In reality this probably will not work. However there is a theory that a black hole can form a tunnel in space, called a wormhole. Through the wormhole you would be able to travel to another place in space, maybe another galaxy or planet. But this is still a theory not proven to be true.
